a) If any sum is received without consideration in excess of Rs. 50,000 during the previous year, the whole amount shall be chargeable to tax;
b) If an immovable property is received without consideration and the stamp duty value exceeds Rs. 50,000, the stamp duty value of such property shall be chargeable to tax;
c) If immovable property is received for consideration which is less than the stamp duty value of property by higher of following amount the difference is chargeable to tax:
>> the amount of Rs. 50,000
>> the amount equal to 10% of consideration.
d) If movable properties* is received without consideration and the aggregate fair market value of such properties exceeds Rs. 50,000, the whole of aggregate fair market value of such properties shall be chargeable to tax
e) If movable properties is received for consideration which is less than the aggregate fair market value of properties by an amount exceeding Rs. 50,000, the difference between the aggregate fair market value and the consideration is chargeable to tax.
Note: Nothing would be chargeable to tax if taxable amount doesn’t exceed Rs. 50,000
Note: This provision is not applicable in the following cases:
a) Where the consideration for issue of shares is received by a venture capital undertaking from a venture capital company or venture capital fund or a specified fund.
“Specified fund” means a fund established or incorporated in India in the form of a trust or a company or a LLP or a body corporate which has been granted a certificate of registration by SEBI as a Category I or Category II Alternative Investment Fund (AIF).
b) Where the consideration for issue of shares is received by company from class or classes of person as notified by the Government.
a) Such sum is forfeited; and
b) The negotiations do not result in transfer of such capital asset.


– Bishal Deb
Accounts Executive
Section 22: Charging Section
Rental Income (Annual Value) is taxable under the head Income from House Property if it satisfies the following two conditions:
House Property includes buildings or lands appurtenant thereto
Types of House Property

Section 23 : Computation of Income from House Property
Municipal Value : It Means Value of Property as per Municipality Record
Fair Rent : It means rent of Similar Property in some Locality ,also known as reasonable rent.
Standard Rent : It means Rent as per the Control Act. It is the maximum amount of rent that can be legally recovered by owner from Tenant.
Actual Rent : Rent Received (+) Rent Receivable (-) unrealized Rent.
Municipal Taxes :
Concept of Vacancy
1. Expected Rent ≤ Actual Rent + Vacant Rent
In this case take Actual Rent as GAV
2. Expected Rent ≥ Actual Rent + Vacant Rent
In this case take Expected Rent as GAV
Note : Where the property is held as stock-in-trade and the property or any part of the property is not let during the whole or any part of the previous year, the annual value of such property or part of the property shall be taken to be nil for a period of up to two years from the end of the financial year in which the certificate of completion of construction of the property is obtained from the competent authority.
1.Concept of Partly Let out property (Area wise)
If some area of House Property is let out and remaining is self- occupied then Let out portion will be treated as LOP & self – occupied portion will be treated as SOP. Municipal value, Fair rent, Standard rent, Municipal taxes, Interest on loan should be divided between LOP & SOP on area basis.
2.Concept of Partly Let out property (Time wise)
If Property is let out for some period of time and self- occupied for remaining period of time then such property will be treated as LOP only.
Section 24 : Deductions
Interest on Loan

Any Fresh Loan is taken for the repayment of earlier loan & earlier loan was taken for the purpose of house property then interest of fresh loan shall be allowed as deduction.
Pre-construction Interest : It means interest paid before the year in which construction was completed. It is allowed in Five equal instalments from the year in which construction was completed.
Section 25 : Disallowance of Interest
Interest paid outside India shall not be allowed as deduction if TDS not Deducted on such Interest
Section 25A : Special Provision for Arrears of Rent and unrealized Rent
Recovery of Arrear/unrealized rent is taxable in the year in which it is recovered , whether the assessee is the owner of the property or not in that financial year.
Taxable Value = Recovery * 70% (30% std deduction)
Unrealized Rent : It means rent which is not recovered by owner from tenant. It is deductible while calculating actual rent if following four conditions are satisfied.
Arrears of Rent : It means Rent under Dispute
Section 26 : Joint Ownership
Joint Ownership (Co-ownership) means property is owned by more than one owner, in this case Income from House Property is calculated normally & thereafter it should be divided between co-owners in their ownership ratio.
In the above case each co-owner will considered as individual and will be entitled to relief individually.
Section 27 : Deemed Ownership
Exception : Transfer in connection to live apart.

Note : If let out property not feasible without other assets then total rent is taxable under the head Income from Business / Profession or Income from Other Sources whether agreement is separable or not.
– Bishal Deb
Accounts Executive
Allowances are given to employees for their services or as compensation for working in unusual conditions. Section 10 of the Income Tax Act covers many allowances such as Leave Travel Allowance, Uniform Allowance, Travelling Allowance, House Rent Allowance and some more.
It is a regular Extra monetary amount given by employer to employee apart from basic salary.
Money Given for Accommodation ,Medical ,Children & Travelling Etc.
Allowance given to employee to meet his accommodation expenses.
Minimum of the following will be exempted
Salary = Basic salary + DA Conditional+ Fixed Commission(%)
DA conditional= “if under the terms of employment” or “for retirement benefit “or “dearness pay’
Taxable = Actual received – Exempted
Brief Summary of Allowances U/S 10(14), which has been divided in to four category.
Special allowances for performance of official duties [section 10(14)(i)]
Taxable = Actual received – Actual paid
The above allowances shall be exempt to the extent of minimum of the following:
Allowances to meet personal expenses [section 10(14)(ii)]
This deduction is allowed only to a Government employee. Non-Government employees shall not be eligible for any deduction on account of any entertainment allowance received by them.
In case of entertainment allowance, the assessee is not entitled to any exemption but he is entitled to a deduction under section 16(ii) from gross salary. Therefore, the entire entertainment allowance received by any employee is added in computation of the gross salary. The Government employee is, then, entitled to deduction from gross salary under section 16(ii) on account of such entertainment allowance to the extent of minimum of the following 3 limits.


There is no definition of perquisite as such as per Sec 2 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 however
Sec 17(2) provides inclusive definition of perquisites
(i) The value of rent-free accommodation provided to the assessee by his employer;
(ii) The value of any concession in the matter of rent respecting any accommodation provided to the assessee by his employer;
(iii) The value of any benefit or amenity granted or provided free of cost or at concessional rate
(iv) Any sum paid by the employer in respect of any obligation which, but for such payment, would have been payable by the assessee.
(v) Any sum payable by the employer, whether directly or through a fund, to effect an assurance on the life of the assessee or to effect a contract for an annuity.
(vi) The value of any specified security or sweat equity shares allotted or transferred, directly or indirectly, by the employer, or former employer, free of cost or at concessional rate to the assessee
(vii) The amount or the aggregate of amounts of any contribution made to the account of the assessee by the employer.
(Viii) The annual accretion by way of interest, dividend or any other amount of similar nature during the previous year to the balance at the credit of the fund or scheme referred to in sub-clause (vii).
(ix) The value of any other fringe benefit or amenity as may be prescribed.
Value of Specified Security or Sweat Equity Shares ;
Value of Specified Security or Sweat Equity Shares is the FMV as on which the shares are exercised by the employee
FMV of shares
Contribution made to the account of the assessee by the Employer ;
The Contribution made by the Employer in excess of Rs 7,50,000 into
Contribution made to the account of the assessee by Supply of Gas, Electricity, Water Charges ;
The value of the benefit to the employee resulting from the supply of gas, electric energy or water for his household consumption shall be determined as the sum equal to the amount paid on that account by the employer to the agency supplying the gas, electric energy or water.
Where such supply is made from resources owned by the employer, without purchasing them from any other outside agency, the value of perquisite would be the manufacturing cost per unit incurred by the employer. Where the employee is paying any amount in respect of such services, the amount so paid shall be deducted from the value so arrived at.
Free or Concessional Educational Facilities ;
The value of benefit to the employee resulting from the provision of free or concessional educational facilities for any member of his household shall be determined as the sum equal to the amount of expenditure incurred by the employer
Where the educational institution is itself maintained and owned by the employer or where free educational facilities for such member of employees’ household are allowed in any other educational institution by reason of his being in employment of that employer, the value of the perquisite to the employee shall be determined with reference to the cost of such education in a similar institution in or near the locality.
Where any amount is paid or recovered from the employee on that account, the value of benefit shall be reduced by the amount so paid or recovered
Value of Travelling accommodation & Touring ;
The value of travelling, touring, accommodation and any other expenses paid for or borne or reimbursed by the employer for any holiday availed of by the employee or any member of his household, other than concession or assistance referred to in rule 2B of these rules, shall be determined as the sum equal to the amount of the expenditure incurred by such employer in that behalf.
Where such facility is maintained by the employer, and is not available uniformly to all employees, the value of benefit shall be taken to be the value at which such facilities are offered by other agencies to the public.
Where the employee is on official tour and the expenses are incurred in respect of any member of his household accompanying him, the amount of expenditure so incurred shall also be a fringe benefit or amenity:
Provided that where any official tour is extended as a vacation, the value of such fringe benefit shall be limited to the expenses incurred in relation to such extended period of stay or vacation. The amount so determined shall be reduced by the amount, if any, paid or recovered from the employee for such benefit or amenity.
Value of benefit by transfer of moveable asset ;
The value of benefit to the employee arising from the transfer of any movable asset belonging to the employer directly or indirectly to the employee or any member of his household shall be determined to be the amount representing the actual cost of such assets to the employer as reduced by the cost of normal wear and tear calculated at the rate of 10 per cent of such cost for each completed year during which such asset was put to use by the employer and as further reduced by the amount, if any, paid or recovered from the employee being the consideration for such transfer
Provided that in the case of computers and electronic items, the normal wear and tear would be calculated at the rate of 50 percent and in the case of motor cars at the rate of 20 percent by the reducing balance method.
Sec 16(ia) – a deduction of fifty thousand rupees or the amount of the salary, whichever is less
Sec 16(ii) – a deduction in respect of any allowance in the nature of an entertainment allowance specifically granted by an employer to the assessee who is in receipt of a salary from the Government, a sum equal to one-fifth of his salary (exclusive of any allowance, benefit or other perquisite) or five thousand rupees, whichever is less;
Sec 16(iii) – a deduction of any sum paid by the assessee on account of a tax on employment within the meaning of clause (2) of article 276 of the Constitution, leviable by or under any law. (Profession Tax).
As per Section 16 (1), Every registered person, shall be entitled to avail input tax credit if the goods and services received is used or intended to be used for business purposes.
Section 18(1) talks about Availability of Credit during special Circumstances.
E.g. : ITC on Stocks , inputs contained in finished and semi finished goods.
Notwithstanding anything contained in Section 16(1) and Section 18 (1), Input tax credit shall not be availed in respect of the following Goods and Services.
In Short,credit which cannot be utilized or considered by a Registered Taxpayer is Known as Blocked Credit.
Except when used for :
Credit of these inputs won’t be allowed unless used for the exception as above 3 points and if it is used for transportation of Goods.
Except when :
1. Manufacturer of Such Vehicle/ Vessel /Aircraft
2. Providing Insurance Services in respect of them

Overall Exception : Except where Govt notifies that obligatory for employer to provide to employee under any law.
Works Contract Service for construction of Immovable property
(except where used for further supply of works contract service only)
Goods/ Services /Both for Construction of Immovable property
(Except P&M) on own account, incl. when for business purpose.
Construction includes re-construction/ renovation/ additions /alterations/repairs which are capitalized to the said immovable property
Plant & Machinery means apparatus, equipment and machinery fixed to earth by foundation or structural support used for making an outward supply of goods /services/ both & includes such foundation /structural support but excludes
The following are the list of sections under which TDS can be deducted:-
We can Pay TDS in the following 2 methods:-
Following are the Pre-requisites:-

As per Section 12(3) of the CGST Act, 2017 in case of supplies of goods in respect of which tax is paid or liable to be paid on reverse charge basis, the time of supply shall be the earliest of the following dates, namely :-
Provided that where it is not possible to determine the time of supply under clause (a) or clause (b) or clause (c), the time of supply shall be the date of entry in the books of account of the recipient of supply.
As per Section 13(3) of the CGST Act, 2017 in case of supplies for Services in respect of which tax is paid or liable to be paid on reverse charge basis, the time of supply shall be the earliest of the following dates, namely:-
Provided, where it is not possible to determine time of supply by using above methods under clause (a) and clause (b), the time of supply shall be the date of entry in the books of account of the recipient of supply.
The Ministry of Corporate Affairs has launched a scheme known as “Companies Fresh Start Scheme, 2020” condoning the delaying filing the documents with Registrar, it relates to the waiver of additional fees & granting of immunity from launching of prosecution or proceedings for imposing penalty on account of delay associated with certain filings.
Why CFSS (Companies Fresh Start Scheme)??
CFSS is introduced with the motive of reducing compliance burden. The aim is to provide defaulting companies a chance to make their compliances good.
Whom is CFSS – 2020 applicable
“Defaulting Company” means a company defined under the Companies Act, 2013, and which has made an default in the filing of any of the documents, statements, returns, etc including annual statutory documents on MCA-21 Registry.
What is the procedure to avail the scheme
Following are the tasks which are required to be done
What is E-Form CFSS -2020? When and why to file it?
E-Form CFSS-2020: (Application of issue of immunity certificate)
What forms which can be filed under the Companies Fresh Start Scheme, 2020?
The forms which are subject to additional fee under section 403 of Companies Act, 2013 are eligible for filing under CFSS, 2020 and are classified under